DC motors are the most widely used type of motor with initial costs typically less than AC systems for low-power units. DC motors can be used for a wide range of applications from small tools and appliances, through to electric vehicles, lifts and hoists. For more about DC motors.
DC Motors speed can be controlled by varying the supply voltage and are available in a wide range of voltages, however the most popular type are 12 V and 24 V, with some of the advantages being:
- Easy installation
- Speed control over a wide range
- Quick Starting, Stopping, Reversing and Acceleration
- High Starting Torque
- Linear speed-torque curve
Types of DC Motors
There are two common types of DC motor, brushless and brushed. In both brushless and brushed motors, magnets drive the spinning (rotary) motion of the motor shaft.
- Brushed Motors These are a more traditional type of motor and are typically used in cost-sensitive applications, where control systems are relatively simple, such as in consumer applications and more basic industrial equipment.
- Brushless Motors Brushless motors alleviate some of the issues associated with brushed motors such as short life span for high use applications and are mechanically much simpler in design (not having brushes). The advantages of brushless motors are longer life, little maintenance and high efficiency (85-90%). These types of motors are generally used in speed and positional control with applications such as fans, pumps and air compressors, where reliability and ruggedness are required.
Applications
DC Motors can be used in applications such as conveyor belts and turntables, or in industrial machines where constant ar low-speed torque is needed.